`ImageDraw` Module¶

The ImageDraw module provides simple 2D graphics for Image objects. You can use this module to create new images, annotate or retouch existing images, and to generate graphics on the fly for web use.

For a more advanced drawing library for PIL, see the aggdraw module.

Example: Draw a gray cross over an image¶

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw

im = Image.open("hopper.jpg")

draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
draw.line((0, 0) + im.size, fill=128)
draw.line((0, im.size[1], im.size[0], 0), fill=128)

# write to stdout
im.save(sys.stdout, "PNG")

Concepts¶

Coordinates¶

The graphics interface uses the same coordinate system as PIL itself, with (0, 0) in the upper left corner. Any pixels drawn outside of the image bounds will be discarded.

Colors¶

To specify colors, you can use numbers or tuples just as you would use with PIL.Image.new() or PIL.Image.Image.putpixel(). For “1”, “L”, and “I” images, use integers. For “RGB” images, use a 3-tuple containing integer values. For “F” images, use integer or floating point values.

For palette images (mode “P”), use integers as color indexes. In 1.1.4 and later, you can also use RGB 3-tuples or color names (see below). The drawing layer will automatically assign color indexes, as long as you don’t draw with more than 256 colors.

Color Names¶

See Color Names for the color names supported by Pillow.

Fonts¶

PIL can use bitmap fonts or OpenType/TrueType fonts.

Bitmap fonts are stored in PIL’s own format, where each font typically consists of two files, one named .pil and the other usually named .pbm. The former contains font metrics, the latter raster data.

To load a bitmap font, use the load functions in the ImageFont module.

To load a OpenType/TrueType font, use the truetype function in the ImageFont module. Note that this function depends on third-party libraries, and may not available in all PIL builds.

Example: Draw Partial Opacity Text¶

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
# get an image
base = Image.open('Pillow/Tests/images/hopper.png').convert('RGBA')

# make a blank image for the text, initialized to transparent text color
txt = Image.new('RGBA', base.size, (255,255,255,0))

# get a font
fnt = ImageFont.truetype('Pillow/Tests/fonts/FreeMono.ttf', 40)
# get a drawing context
d = ImageDraw.Draw(txt)

# draw text, half opacity
d.text((10,10), "Hello", font=fnt, fill=(255,255,255,128))
# draw text, full opacity
d.text((10,60), "World", font=fnt, fill=(255,255,255,255))

out = Image.alpha_composite(base, txt)

out.show()

Functions¶

class PIL.ImageDraw.Draw(im, mode=None)¶

Creates an object that can be used to draw in the given image.

Note that the image will be modified in place.

参数:	im – The image to draw in. mode – Optional mode to use for color values. For RGB images, this argument can be RGB or RGBA (to blend the drawing into the image). For all other modes, this argument must be the same as the image mode. If omitted, the mode defaults to the mode of the image.

Methods¶

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.getfont()¶

Get the current default font.

返回:	An image font.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.arc(xy, start, end, fill=None, width=0)¶

Draws an arc (a portion of a circle outline) between the start and end angles, inside the given bounding box.

参数:	xy – Two points to define the bounding box. Sequence of `[(x0, y0), (x1, y1)]` or `[x0, y0, x1, y1]`, where `x1 >= x0` and `y1 >= y0`. start – Starting angle, in degrees. Angles are measured from 3 o’clock, increasing clockwise. end – Ending angle, in degrees. fill – Color to use for the arc. width – The line width, in pixels. 5.3.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.bitmap(xy, bitmap, fill=None)¶

Draws a bitmap (mask) at the given position, using the current fill color for the non-zero portions. The bitmap should be a valid transparency mask (mode “1”) or matte (mode “L” or “RGBA”).

This is equivalent to doing image.paste(xy, color, bitmap).

To paste pixel data into an image, use the paste() method on the image itself.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.chord(xy, start, end, fill=None, outline=None, width=0)¶

Same as arc(), but connects the end points with a straight line.

参数:	xy – Two points to define the bounding box. Sequence of `[(x0, y0), (x1, y1)]` or `[x0, y0, x1, y1]`, where `x1 >= x0` and `y1 >= y0`. outline – Color to use for the outline. fill – Color to use for the fill. width – The line width, in pixels. 5.3.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.ellipse(xy, fill=None, outline=None, width=0)¶

Draws an ellipse inside the given bounding box.

参数:	xy – Two points to define the bounding box. Sequence of either `[(x0, y0), (x1, y1)]` or `[x0, y0, x1, y1]`, where `x1 >= x0` and `y1 >= y0`. outline – Color to use for the outline. fill – Color to use for the fill. width – The line width, in pixels. 5.3.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.line(xy, fill=None, width=0, joint=None)¶

Draws a line between the coordinates in the xy list.

参数:	xy – Sequence of either 2-tuples like `[(x, y), (x, y), ...]` or numeric values like `[x, y, x, y, ...]`. fill – Color to use for the line. width – The line width, in pixels. 1.1.5 新版功能. 注解 This option was broken until version 1.1.6. joint – Joint type between a sequence of lines. It can be “curve”, for rounded edges, or None. 5.3.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.pieslice(xy, start, end, fill=None, outline=None, width=0)¶

Same as arc, but also draws straight lines between the end points and the center of the bounding box.

参数:

xy – Two points to define the bounding box. Sequence of [(x0, y0), (x1, y1)] or [x0, y0, x1, y1], where x1 >= x0 and y1 >= y0.
start – Starting angle, in degrees. Angles are measured from 3 o’clock, increasing clockwise.
end – Ending angle, in degrees.
fill – Color to use for the fill.
outline – Color to use for the outline.
width –
The line width, in pixels.

5.3.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.point(xy, fill=None)¶

Draws points (individual pixels) at the given coordinates.

参数:	xy – Sequence of either 2-tuples like `[(x, y), (x, y), ...]` or numeric values like `[x, y, x, y, ...]`. fill – Color to use for the point.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.polygon(xy, fill=None, outline=None)¶

Draws a polygon.

The polygon outline consists of straight lines between the given coordinates, plus a straight line between the last and the first coordinate.

参数:	xy – Sequence of either 2-tuples like `[(x, y), (x, y), ...]` or numeric values like `[x, y, x, y, ...]`. outline – Color to use for the outline. fill – Color to use for the fill.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.rectangle(xy, fill=None, outline=None, width=0)¶

Draws a rectangle.

参数:	xy – Two points to define the bounding box. Sequence of either `[(x0, y0), (x1, y1)]` or `[x0, y0, x1, y1]`. The second point is just outside the drawn rectangle. outline – Color to use for the outline. fill – Color to use for the fill. width – The line width, in pixels. 5.3.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.shape(shape, fill=None, outline=None)¶: 警告

This method is experimental.

Draw a shape.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.text(xy, text, fill=None, font=None, anchor=None, spacing=0, align="left", direction=None, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0, stroke_fill=None)¶

Draws the string at the given position.

参数:

xy – Top left corner of the text.
text – Text to be drawn. If it contains any newline characters, the text is passed on to multiline_text()
fill – Color to use for the text.
font – An ImageFont instance.
spacing – If the text is passed on to multiline_text(), the number of pixels between lines.
align – If the text is passed on to multiline_text(), “left”, “center” or “right”.
direction –
Direction of the text. It can be ‘rtl’ (right to left), ‘ltr’ (left to right) or ‘ttb’ (top to bottom). Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
features –
A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example ‘dlig’ or ‘ss01’, but can be also used to turn off default font features for example ‘-liga’ to disable ligatures or ‘-kern’ to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
language –
Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a BCP 47 language code <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/> Requires libraqm.

6.0.0 新版功能.
stroke_width –
The width of the text stroke.

6.2.0 新版功能.
stroke_fill –

Color to use for the text stroke. If not given, will default to

the fill parameter.

6.2.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.multiline_text(xy, text, fill=None, font=None, anchor=None, spacing=0, align="left", direction=None, features=None, language=None)¶

Draws the string at the given position.

参数:

xy – Top left corner of the text.
text – Text to be drawn.
fill – Color to use for the text.
font – An ImageFont instance.
spacing – The number of pixels between lines.
align – “left”, “center” or “right”.
direction –
Direction of the text. It can be ‘rtl’ (right to left), ‘ltr’ (left to right) or ‘ttb’ (top to bottom). Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
features –
A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example ‘dlig’ or ‘ss01’, but can be also used to turn off default font features for example ‘-liga’ to disable ligatures or ‘-kern’ to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
language –
Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a BCP 47 language code <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/> Requires libraqm.

6.0.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.textsize(text, font=None, spacing=4, direction=None, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0)¶

Return the size of the given string, in pixels.

参数:

text – Text to be measured. If it contains any newline characters, the text is passed on to multiline_textsize()
font – An ImageFont instance.
spacing – If the text is passed on to multiline_textsize(), the number of pixels between lines.
direction –
Direction of the text. It can be ‘rtl’ (right to left), ‘ltr’ (left to right) or ‘ttb’ (top to bottom). Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
features –
A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example ‘dlig’ or ‘ss01’, but can be also used to turn off default font features for example ‘-liga’ to disable ligatures or ‘-kern’ to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
language –
Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a BCP 47 language code <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/> Requires libraqm.

6.0.0 新版功能.
stroke_width –
The width of the text stroke.

6.2.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.ImageDraw.multiline_textsize(text, font=None, spacing=4, direction=None, features=None, language=None, stroke_width=0)¶

Return the size of the given string, in pixels.

参数:

text – Text to be measured.
font – An ImageFont instance.
spacing – The number of pixels between lines.
direction –
Direction of the text. It can be ‘rtl’ (right to left), ‘ltr’ (left to right) or ‘ttb’ (top to bottom). Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
features –
A list of OpenType font features to be used during text layout. This is usually used to turn on optional font features that are not enabled by default, for example ‘dlig’ or ‘ss01’, but can be also used to turn off default font features for example ‘-liga’ to disable ligatures or ‘-kern’ to disable kerning. To get all supported features, see https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/featurelist Requires libraqm.

4.2.0 新版功能.
language –
Language of the text. Different languages may use different glyph shapes or ligatures. This parameter tells the font which language the text is in, and to apply the correct substitutions as appropriate, if available. It should be a BCP 47 language code <https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/> Requires libraqm.

6.0.0 新版功能.
stroke_width –
The width of the text stroke.

6.2.0 新版功能.

PIL.ImageDraw.getdraw(im=None, hints=None)¶

警告

This method is experimental.

A more advanced 2D drawing interface for PIL images, based on the WCK interface.

参数:	im – The image to draw in. hints – An optional list of hints.
返回:	A (drawing context, drawing resource factory) tuple.

PIL.ImageDraw.floodfill(image, xy, value, border=None, thresh=0)¶

警告